I almost got snared in the short-term health insurance market

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Sarah Gantz, a Philadelphia Inquirer reporter, has done some great work spotlighting people who were snared by sales pitches for short-term health plans that left them with huge bills when they got seriously ill or injured. Her latest concerns a woman who got stuck with a $36,000 bill when her fixed indemnity plan covered only a small fraction of the tab for surgery after she broke her wrist and back (!) -- (the latter doesn't seem to have caused lasting damage):

Martin thought she’d bought a comprehensive health insurance plan through the government-regulated Affordable Care Act marketplace, healthcare.gov. But she really visited a website cunningly crafted to look like an ACA portal, which put her in contact by phone with a salesman. He sold her plan that turned out to offer only minimal coverage, and when Martin needed help, his number was disconnected.

The larger point is that since the Trump administration changed the rules to enable so called short-term, limited duration (STLD) plans to extend plan terms to up to a year, and touted them as a cheap alternative to ACA-compliant plans, deceptive marketing for such plans has exploded. Robocalls, websites meant to snare people seeking HealthCare.gov (with help from Google ads), and hard-sell-quick-sell phone techniques are well chronicled by Gantz.

Louise Norris, a broker of individual market insurance who puts her clients' interests first (and has compiled a virtual encyclopedia on the subject at healthinsurance.org), acknowledges that there is a role for STLD plans, and that not all of them are terrible. But the market is honeycombed with coverage traps.  In fact, Louise helped me, and someone I was helping, avoid perhaps the subtlest of snares in the STLD market.

The catastrophic option in a degrading market for health insurance

Okay, so short-term health plans are back to not really being short-term -- or likely will be so, as of July. HHS has rolled back the Obama administration rule that limited such plans to three-month terms, a rule that only went into effect last April.  Once again, these plans -- which do not comply with ACA coverage rules and can be medically underwritten and exclude coverage for pre-existing conditions -- can be offered for up to a year.

So big deal, you might say. Short-term plans with year-long terms were available from 2014-2016 (and in the first quarter of 2017) and did not have a huge impact on ACA marketplace enrollment. Yes, but this time it's different, for two reasons. First, the individual mandate is effectively repealed as of 2019, so people need not obtain ACA-compliant coverage. Second, premiums in the ACA-compliant market have skyrocketed in the last two years (thanks largely to Republican sabotage), so more people are priced out. Louise Norris's analysis strongly implies that HHS is lowballing projected enrollment with its estimate of 100-200,000.  See Louise's post for a thorough overview of how short-term plans work and who's likely to buy them.

Short-term plans can be very cheap, and coverage can be very limited (especially if you have a serious pre-existing condition, which will be excluded). ACA-compliant plans, on the other hand, can be astronomically expensive if you're not subsidy-eligible, particularly if you're in your late fifties or early sixties.

As the individual market for health insurance fractures, I want to take a look at one tweener market that may help a few people navigate between the Scylla of unaffordable coverage (say, $1,000 per month for a solo plan with a $7000 deductible) and the Charybdis of unregulated coverage that may exclude, say, drug coverage or pregnancy, cap total coverage, and be medically underwritten.

Halfway back to the future in the individual market for health insurance

The ACA-compliant individual market for health insurance is at a mid-point between Trump sabotage that's been executed and Trump sabotage that's threatened. At present, the market remains viable for most subsidized prospective enrollees -- and even accidentally improved for a good number of them via discounts for bronze and gold plans. It's largely dysfunctional for the unsubsidized, however, after two years of average premium hikes in excess of 20%.

The main (though by no means only) act of sabotage in 2017 was Trump's long-running threat -- executed in October -- to cut off federal reimbursement that the federal government is legally obligated to pay insurers for providing Cost Sharing Reduction (CSR) payments to qualifying enrollees. Stiffed by Trump, insurers had to boost premiums to cover the cost of CSR. That in itself accounted for nearly half of this year's 29% average premium hike, according to Charles Gaba.

The next sabotage threat is individual mandate repeal, coupled with pending administrative action to empower a non-ACA-compliant market of medically underwritten, loosely regulated plans. -- which currently do not satisfy the mandate. Those measures in combination will trigger a fresh wave of premium hikes in the ACA-compliant market by draining its risk pool. Many if not most of the 6-7 million current unsubsidized enrollees in ACA-compliant plans will probably be driven perforce into the unregulated market if this next round of sabotage is fully implemented.

We are already halfway there, I suspect.  Recently I spotlighted the choice facing a 58 year-old in Pottsville, PA who's ineligible for subsidies -- that is, with an income over $47,520 for an individual or $64,080 for a couple. For this person